Inclusions of Carnelian

Internal Inclusions in Carnelians

Iron Oxide Streaks: The signature red and orange colors of Carnelians are attributed to the presence of iron oxides. In certain specimens, these iron oxides manifest as streaks or bands that traverse the stone, bestowing it with a unique and captivating appearance. It’s important to recognize that these streaks are not flaws or cracks; instead, they are an intrinsic part of the stone’s natural structure.

Quartz Inclusions: Carnelians are a form of chalcedony, which itself is a variety of quartz. Hence, it’s not uncommon for Carnelians to host minuscule quartz crystals within their structure. These quartz inclusions may occasionally be visible as tiny, glimmering points, adding a subtle sparkle to the stone.

Fluid Inclusions: Though relatively rare in Carnelians, fluid inclusions do occur. These are diminutive pockets of liquid that were encapsulated within the stone during its formation process. Typically, these inclusions are microscopic and necessitate magnification to be properly observed.

Gas Bubbles: Less frequently encountered in Carnelians are tiny gas bubbles. When present, they appear as minuscule, spherical voids, visible only under magnification. These gas bubbles are remnants of the geological processes that formed the stone.

Color Zoning: An intriguing characteristic of some Carnelians is color zoning, where variations in hue and intensity are evident within a single stone. This natural occurrence contributes to the gemstone’s unique allure and is often desired for its distinctive aesthetic qualities.

Blemishes in Carnelians

Surface Scratches: With a Mohs hardness rating of 6.5 to 7, Carnelians exhibit a reasonable resistance to scratches. Nevertheless, improper handling or storage can result in superficial scratches, detracting from the gem’s luster and overall visual appeal.

Chips and Fractures: Like any gemstone, Carnelians are susceptible to chipping or fracturing upon impact. Such damage can significantly impair both the structural and aesthetic integrity of the stone.

Dull Patches: Carnelians can develop dull areas on their surface, often due to substandard polishing techniques or exposure to harsh chemicals. Fortunately, these blemishes are typically rectifiable through professional re-polishing, which can restore the stone’s original shine and smoothness.

Pits: It’s not uncommon for natural Carnelians to exhibit tiny pits on their surface. These pits may originate from gas bubbles or other inclusions that reached the surface during the stone’s geological formation, serving as a testament to the stone’s natural origins and unique history.